NAT translates between inside-local (private), inside-global (public), outside-local and outside-global. Four flavours:

Type	Mapping	Inbound	Public IPs
Static	1:1 permanent	yes	1 per host — servers
Dynamic	1:1 temporary from pool	no	pool
PAT / overload	many:1 by ports	no	one — the internet default

interface g0/0
 ip nat inside
interface g0/1
 ip nat outside
! static
ip nat inside source static 192.168.1.10 203.0.113.10
! PAT with interface
ip nat inside source list 1 interface g0/1 overload

Return traffic is matched against the NAT translation table. Traps: wrong inside/outside assignment, ACL not matching, routing evaluated before NAT, asymmetric paths. PAT breaks protocols that embed addresses (FTP active, SIP) — hence ALGs.

show ip nat translations
show ip nat statistics
clear ip nat translation *