Area types control which LSAs are allowed, to shrink tables and speed convergence. All routers in an area must agree.

Area LSAs allowed External ASBR inside CLI
Normal 1,2,3,4,5 yes yes default
Stub 1,2,3 no (5 blocked) + default from ABR no area X stub
Totally stub (Cisco) 1,2 no, only default no area X stub no-summary
NSSA 1,2,3,7 local ASBR via type 7 yes area X nssa
Totally NSSA (Cisco) 1,2,7 7 + default yes area X nssa no-summary

One-liners: stub = no type 5, NSSA = type 7 inside / 5 outside, totally stub = default only. NSSA ≠ stub because the ASBR is allowed.

Where filtering actually works

Tool Filters Touches LSDB?
area X filter-list prefix (ABR) type 3 LSAs yes
area X range (ABR) summarises type 3 yes
summary-address + route-map (ASBR) external (type 5) yes
distribute-list local RIB only — the trap no